Center for Court Innovation

New York City, United States

The Action

Founded as a public-private partnership, the Center for Court Innovation (CCI) is a nonprofit organization that aims to create a more effective and humane justice system. CCI programs address a range of challenges, such as reducing gun violence and aiding troubled teens, and include community-based violence prevention projects, alternatives to incarceration, and re-entry initiatives. CCI’s model is focused on collaboration; the initiative continues to partner with a broad range of government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and community groups, including a strong relationship with the state court system. CCI is working to embed a culture of innovation in the courts and the justice system in New York City. It designs and implements programs that test new ideas to solve existing problems. CCI has managed to balance the interests and concerns of stakeholders, including prosecution, defense, and judges, while maintaining community support. It has gradually introduced new interventions that have been transforming the courts’ approach to issues, such as alternatives to incarceration for young defendants.

Democracy Challenge

The criminal justice system in the United States has adhered to the same model for generations, even as society’s concerns have shifted over time. Courts and criminal procedure are rarely seen as opportunities for innovation or civic engagement. Access to legal services is not democratized in the same way that access to a voting booth or a public meeting may be. Moreover, the judicial process is highly technical, and by its nature, intimidating. Navigating the system can also be complex and particularly burdensome to young people, low-income people, and other marginalized groups.

How It Works & How They Did It

Founded as a public-private partnership between the New York State Unified Court System and the Fund for the City of New York, the center creates operating programs to test new ideas and solve problems. The center’s projects include community-based violence prevention projects, alternatives to incarceration, reentry initiatives, and court-based programs that seek to promote positive individual and family change. CCI takes what has historically been one of the most challenging areas in which to innovate and partners with the New York City police department, district attorneys, the Department of Criminal Justice Services, and others to create a streamlined, simplified way of accessing city resources.

How’s It Going?  

In 2015, Brooklyn Justice Initiatives handled almost 800 cases. The most frequent charges were assault, theft, and prostitution. That same year, social workers at Brooklyn Justice Initiatives made almost 700 referrals to voluntary services, including drug treatment, job training, and counseling. Today, Brooklyn Justice Initiatives has five principal program components and in 2017, handled over 4,000 cases.

An evaluation found that Brooklyn Justice Initiatives’ Supervised Release Program has been a significant force in reducing pre-trial detention through a model of regular check ins with a social worker or case manager and voluntary referrals to community service providers. Program participants were far more likely than a comparison group to remain in the community before trial (77 percent for participants compared to 12 percent for the comparison group). Defendants who are detained pre-trial are often in the position of accepting a plea deal in order to go home. Participants in the Supervised Release Program were almost twice as likely to avoid a criminal conviction and three times as likely to avoid jail time.

In 2017, Brooklyn Justice Initiatives served over 2,100 young adults aged 16–24 in the Brooklyn Young Adult Court Part. This court part seeks to reduce the use of incarceration for young adults through alternative sanctions and positively impact the direction of their lives. Alternative sanctions include individual counseling and a menu of group work designed to meet the needs of this age group. Community service and work with outside service partners are also available. The part has greatly expanded since it launched in early spring of 2016 and in 2017 saw 95 percent of participants successfully completing their court mandates.

Considerations

• How can we continually innovate in the criminal justice sphere, while maintaining integrity, public safety and a commitment to rehabilitation and reduced recidivism?
• Who should cities and court systems consider partnering with to design innovative alternatives to incarceration and the criminal justice system?

Point of Contact

Adam Mansky

Director, Criminal Justice Operations

Center for Court Innovation

Who Else Is Trying This?

• Massachusetts, US: The Massachusetts Criminal Justice Reform Coalition is a diverse cross section of leaders who find common ground around the urgent need for comprehensive corrections reform. Too often, criminal justice reform groups are focused on one side of the story. This group, however, is a coalition that balances the interests of all stakeholders involved. The coalition involves members from law enforcement, county sheriffs, the judiciary, agency officials, and legislative leaders. Aside from their collaboration, this group is also special in that they develop their own research and use it as their main vehicle for advocating policies. Examples of this include their research on The Geography of Incarceration. This research paper explored the geography of incarceration in Boston, providing timely information as state leaders engaged in an unprecedented effort to find strategies to operate their criminal justice system in a more cost-effective manner, and redirect the savings toward models that decrease crime and strengthen neighborhoods.
• Across the US: The Council of State Governments Justice Center is an organization of criminal justice professionals provides practical, nonpartisan, research-driven strategies and tools to increase public safety and strengthen communities. The council is comprised of members from a variety of backgrounds. These backgrounds include law enforcement, community corrections, court administration, housing, mental health, and addiction services, state prisons, local jails, juvenile justice, education, workforce development, and victim advocacy. With so many different interests represented, and a shared commitment to their mission, they are able to conduct high-level research, as well as aid with implementation to turn their policy recommendations into practice. With federal funding the council conducts research on topics such as leveraging the Every Student Succeeds Act to improve educational services in juvenile justice facilities, to putting together events like a statewide summit that brought together teams from California counties to address a mental illness crisis in local jails. We can see that they are a group truly developing criminal justice policy recommendations using a holistic approach.

This action was originally developed for Big Bold Cities, an initiative of Living Cities and the National Democratic Institute (NDI); republished here with the permission of Living Cities.